卷期 : 48 / 3
出版年 : 2020/07/01
先進國防武器系統為了要應付多樣式且數量龐大的威脅目標,所以新型式的雷達除了應付敵方的攻擊,且須具備偵蒐各式新興小型威脅目標,甚至是慢速小目標的性能需求,例如:無人機群、鳥群、定翼機以及地面迫擊砲等。近年來,隨著人工智能、自主系統、大數據等技術發展前進,無人機智能水準與集群控制逐漸提高,以無人機作為作戰系統得到迅速發展,由概念逐漸走向實戰。隨著主動式相列雷達之技術及RF CMOS製程技術日益成熟,各國之雷達均朝向體積小、高性能、可靠度高以及可擴充性的特性發展。本文主要是介紹各國將相列雷達技術應用在微小目標偵蒐雷達產品上,而現今微小目標偵蒐雷達所使用之技術可分成三大主軸:被動式電子掃描陣列(Passive ESA)、主動式電子掃描陣列(Active ESA)以及數位波束成形(DBF),以及未來最新之全數位式主動相列雷達相關應用進行介紹。To cope with increasingly diverse and greater number of threat targets, the new types of defense radars, not simply for use against enemy attack, but should be capable of detecting emerging small, and low threat targets, such as UAVs, drone fleets, flock of birds, fixed-wing aircraft, and ground mortars. In recent years, with the technological progress in artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, big data, etc., the level of intelligent cluster control has been aggressively advanced. The combat systems applying these new technologies have been developed and deployed on the battlefield. Also, with the maturity of active ESA technology and RF CMOS fabrication processing, the new radar design is trending toward small size, high performance, high reliability, and high expandability. This paper introduces the radar products developed for the mini target detection using ESA technology, which can be categorized into 3 types: passive ESA, active ESA, and digital beamforming (DBF). Furthermore, the future of all-digital ESA radars is addressed as well.
關鍵詞 : 被動式電子掃描陣列(passive ESA)、主動式電子掃描陣列(active ESA)、數位波束成形(digital beamforming)、雷達截面積(radar cross section)、調頻連 續波(FMCW)、收發模組(T/R module)、類比波束形成 (analog beamforming)、無人飛行載具(unmanned aerial vehicle)