卷期 : 48 / 1
出版年 : 2020/01/01
碳化硼係屬於重量輕、高硬度的陶瓷材料,在高溫噴嘴、抗彈材料及工業磨料等方面的工業應用具有很高的潛力,所以國外已投入大量的研發資源來獲得碳化硼量產的技術。經過專利檢索及市場分析,碳化硼粉末的供應商主要在中國大陸,本研究重點將專注於生產高階碳化硼粉末及其相關產品。本研究成功開發出機械化學法,將氧化硼、鎂粉和石墨粉作為起始原料,均勻混合後以不同機械研磨時間(20、40及80小時)來誘導化學反應,生成氧化鎂和碳化硼,再經由酸洗來移除氧化鎂,進而得到較高純度的碳化硼粉末。純化後的碳化硼粉末藉由X光繞射儀、掃描式電子顯微鏡、粒徑分析儀及X光光電子能譜儀來分析材料特性。實驗結果發現研磨80小時的純化後樣品,其形貌屬於圓型顆粒且只顯示B4C結晶相,優於其他樣品。根據粒徑分析,其二次粒徑(D50)為332nm。此外,藉由XPS分析發現B4C純度的計算值可高達近90%,優於國外同級產品的純度。Boron carbide (B4C) is a ceramic material featuring lightweight, high-hardness, and high potential in industrial applications, such as high-temperature resistance nozzles, bulletproof materials, and industrial abrasives; therefore, many countries have invested abundant resources to develop techniques for mass production of B4C powder. According to patent search and marketing analysis, China is the main supplier of B4C powder. This paper studies the production of advanced B4C powder and related products, and successfully developed mechanochemical method, mix homogenously boron oxide, magnesium, and graphite, used as starting materials, and then ground for 20, 40, and 80 hours by ball-mill to induce chemical reaction to obtain magnesium oxide and boron carbide. The high purity of B4C powder can be obtained by acid washing to remove magnesium oxide. The purified B4C products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, particle size analyzer, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It is concluded that the purified sample milled for 80 hours is spherical particle and B4C phase only, which is better than others. According to particle analysis, the secondary size (D50) is 332 nm. Besides, by using XPS analysis and calculation, the purity is near 90%, which is better than those of foreign products at the same level.
關鍵詞 : 碳化硼(Boron carbide, B4C)、機械化學法(mechanochemical)、高硬度(high hardness)、次微米級(submicron grade)